The Parisian club has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to take a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.